USA: Radiation exposure can have various effects on the human body, depending on the type of radiation, the dose received, the duration of exposure, and the part of the body exposed. Here are some of the potential effects:
1. Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS): High doses of radiation received over a short period can cause ARS. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, hair loss, skin burns, and damage to the gastrointestinal system, bone marrow, and other organs. The severity of ARS depends on the dose received.
2. Increased Cancer Risk: Prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation, such as X-rays or gamma rays, can increase the risk of developing cancer. The risk is higher with higher doses of radiation and long-term exposure. Different types of cancer, such as leukemia, thyroid cancer, and solid tumors, can be associated with radiation exposure.
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3. Genetic Effects: High doses of radiation can cause genetic mutations that may be passed on to future generations. These mutations can potentially increase the risk of genetic disorders or certain types of cancer in offspring.
4. Long-Term Health Effects: Chronic exposure to radiation, even at low levels, can lead to long-term health effects. These may include an increased risk of cancer, cataracts, cardiovascular diseases, and other non-cancerous conditions.
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5. Radiation Burns and Skin Damage: High doses of radiation can cause severe burns and damage to the skin and underlying tissues. This is more likely to occur with exposure to external sources of radiation, such as nuclear accidents or radiation therapy.
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It's important to note that the effects of radiation exposure can vary depending on individual factors, such as age, overall health, and genetic predisposition. Additionally, different types of radiation have varying degrees of penetrating power and biological effects. Medical professionals and radiation safety experts take these factors into account when evaluating radiation exposure and its potential consequences.