Nain Singh Rawat the Himalayan Explorer, Google Doodle celebrates the 187th birth anniversary today, he was the 19th-century mountaineer and one of the first to explore the Himalayas for the British rules. Rawat was the first to survey Tibet, determining the exact location and altitude of the Tibetan capital Lhasa, and mapping the Tsangpo River. Nain Singh Rawat Born in 1830 in Milam, a Shauka tribe village in the valley of Johar in present-day Uttarakhand, Rawat as a young man visited Tibet with his father and picked up the local language, traditions, and customs, which would later come in usable.

In the early 19th century, European explorers were attentive by the Central Asian topography and wanted to understand the local customs. But given the challenges, they realized they needed trained locals to help them in their mission. Rawat was one among the select group of local explorers.

As Europeans were not welcome everywhere, these explorers had to go undercover. Disguised as a Tibetan monk, Rawat walked from his home in Kumaon to places such as Lhasa, Kathmandu and Tawang. He would cover one mile in 2000 steps and measured each of them using a rosary. And in order to maintain the confidentiality, he hid a compass in his prayer wheel and masquerading travel records as prayers. Rawat’s first exploration trip was with the Germans between 1855 and 1857. He traveled to the Manasarovar and Rakas Tal lakes and then further to Gartok and Ladakh.

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