MEXICO CITY: Claudia Sheinbaum took her oath of office on Tuesday, marking a historic moment as Mexico's first woman president. As part of her oath, she unveiled a new government logo featuring a young Mexican woman holding the national flag, symbolizing the aspirations of young girls. The design reflects Sheinbaum's commitment to inspiring future generations.

Sheinbaum's achievement is significant in a country that has seen only male leadership since gaining independence from Spain over 200 years ago. Previously the mayor of Mexico City, she has built her political career with the support of outgoing leftist President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, who has been a key ally for nearly 25 years.

As Sheinbaum steps into her new role, she will face challenges from critics concerned about reforms pushed through by Lopez Obrador in his final days in office. These reforms include a controversial judicial overhaul that plans to replace all judges with new ones elected by popular vote over the next three years. Critics fear that these changes could threaten Mexico's democracy, transforming it into a one-party system.

Sheinbaum will also need to address a growing budget deficit that may limit funding for social programs and crime prevention initiatives as the economy is expected to grow only modestly. During her campaign, she promised to continue the social policies of her predecessor while addressing issues like the environment and security, which have been viewed as weaknesses in Lopez Obrador's administration.

At 62, Sheinbaum is also recognized as the first president of Jewish heritage in a predominantly Roman Catholic nation. Her path to the presidency has been remarkable, beginning with her upbringing as the daughter of activist academics. Six years ago, she made history as the first elected woman mayor of Mexico City. Known for her data-driven approach, she was praised for halving the city's homicide rate by increasing security spending and enhancing police salaries.

Sheinbaum has pledged to extend these successful strategies across Mexico, where drug cartels hold significant power. She is committed to maintaining generous social programs, including old-age pensions and youth scholarships, despite the anticipated 2024 fiscal deficit of nearly 6% of GDP.

An advocate for renewable energy, Sheinbaum has assured the public that she will prioritize state-owned oil and power companies, opposing any privatization efforts. Her academic background includes a doctorate in energy engineering from the National Autonomous University of Mexico and experience with the U.N.'s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which won a Nobel Peace Prize alongside former U.S. Vice President Al Gore.

Sheinbaum's political career began in 2000 when Lopez Obrador appointed her as the environmental chief for Mexico City, where she focused on improving air quality and public transport. She later became the chief spokesperson for his presidential campaign in 2006. In 2015, she was elected to lead Tlalpan, Mexico City's largest borough, and became mayor three years later. In June, she received over 19 million votes in her presidential election, surpassing her mentor's previous winning margin.