The ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas has once again thrust the Gaza-Israel barrier, often referred to as the Iron Wall, into the spotlight. This barrier has become a critical crossing point for individuals seeking to escape the Gaza Strip as Israel intensifies its military actions in the region, targeting Hamas, which controls the territory.

Gaza-Israel Barrier: Understanding the Crossing Points

Since 2011, there have been only two official crossing points along this contentious border. The first is the Erez Crossing, situated in northern Gaza, primarily designated for pedestrian and cargo transit into Israel. However, in recent years, only Arab residents have been granted access, and the crossing remains closed to tourists.

The second crossing, known as the Kerem Shalom Crossing, is managed by the Israel Airports Authority and is frequently used for transporting goods from Israel and Egypt to the Gaza Strip. These crossings play a pivotal role in sustaining the Gaza Strip's economy and meeting the daily requirements of its population.

The Evolution of the Border Fence

The initial construction of a security fence along this border dates back to 1994. Over the years, this barrier has been reconstructed and modernized. Israel established it with the aim of regulating the movement of both people and goods between its territory and the Gaza Strip, a task that could not be accomplished through conventional border crossings.

Tunnels and Counterterrorism Measures

As the border barrier effectively deterred militants from infiltrating Israel, they turned to the subterranean route, digging tunnels beneath the barrier. In 2006, militants used an 800-meter-long tunnel to breach into Israel. Between January and October 2013, two tunnels laden with explosives were discovered. Similar tunnels have been unearthed at various points along the border.

In response to this tactic, Israel has constructed an underground border wall, extending several meters in depth along the entire border's length. This wall is equipped with sensors designed to detect tunnel construction, and the entire structure is positioned within Israeli territory.

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