President Droupadi Murmu has given her nod to three brand-new criminal justice laws on Monday, December 25, 2023. These laws will replace the age-old colonial laws such as the IPC (Indian Penal Code), the CrPC (Code of Criminal Procedure), and the Evidence Act.

The trio of fresh laws are named as Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023.

This significant decision follows closely on the heels of the recent passage of three crucial criminal bills—namely, the Bharatiya Nyaya (Second) Sanhita Bill, the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha (Second) Sanhita Bill, and the Bharatiya Sakshya (Second) Bill—by the Parliament.

These new laws underscore the gravity of crimes against women, children, murder, and offenses against the nation. Both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha approved these bills during the just-concluded Winter Session of Parliament.

The Indian Penal Code (IPC) will now be replaced by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, the CrPC will give way to Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and the Indian Evidence Act will be superseded by the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam.

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita is set to comprise 358 sections, a shift from the 511 sections present in the IPC. Notably, this new legislation incorporates 20 additional crimes, lengthens imprisonment terms for 33 offenses, raises fines for 83 crimes, introduces mandatory minimum penalties for 23 crimes, introduces community service penalties for six crimes, and repeals or eliminates 19 sections from the previous Bill.

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