Paryushana Parva, one of the most significant festivals in the Jain calendar, began on Tuesday, September 12, 2023, as per the Shwetamber Jain community's tradition. This auspicious occasion is marked by intense introspection, penance, and the pursuit of spiritual enlightenment. It is a time when Jains focus on practicing forgiveness, seeking knowledge, cultivating virtuous conduct, and engaging in rigorous austerities.
The Significance of Paryushana Parva:
Paryushana Parva holds a special place in Jain culture as it provides an opportunity for individuals to embark on a profound spiritual journey. This festival lasts for eight days and is centered around meditation, self-discipline, and devotion. During this time, Jains gather in temples and prayer halls, participating in various religious activities.
Key Practices and Observances:
Tapasya (Austerity): The core of Paryushana Parva is the practice of tapasya, which involves voluntary acts of self-denial and self-control. Jains believe that through tapasya, they can purify their souls and attain spiritual progress.
Forgiveness (Kshama): Forgiveness is a central theme of Paryushana. Jains focus on seeking forgiveness for their past transgressions and forgiving those who have wronged them. This practice promotes inner peace and harmony.
Pratikramana: Pratikramana is a ritual during which Jains reflect upon their actions, repent for their mistakes, and seek forgiveness from all living beings. It is a form of introspection and self-purification.
Bhaktamar Stotra: Devotees often recite the Bhaktamar Stotra, a revered Jain hymn, during Paryushana. This hymn is dedicated to Lord Adinath, the first Tirthankara, and is believed to have the power to destroy sins and grant blessings.
Samayika: Samayika is a form of meditation practiced during this festival. It involves focusing the mind on the present moment, detaching from worldly distractions, and attaining spiritual serenity.
Svadhyaya (Self-Study): Jains use this time for self-reflection and studying Jain scriptures. They aim to deepen their understanding of Jain philosophy and values.
Temple Celebrations and Decorations:
During Paryushana Parva, Jain temples and prayer halls are adorned with colorful decorations and vibrant lighting arrangements. The sanctum sanctorum of temples is beautifully embellished, and the idols of revered Jain Tirthankaras are adorned with special ornaments. Devotees come together to offer their prayers, seek blessings, and engage in collective rituals.
The significance of the festival is further emphasized by the recitation of sacred texts, group prayers, and communal meals in temples, where people from all walks of life come together to share the spirit of unity and spirituality.
The Culmination: Samvatsari Parva:
The culmination of Paryushana Parva is marked by the observance of Samvatsari Parva, which falls on September 20, 2023, this year. On this day, Jains engage in intense introspection, seeking forgiveness from all beings and making a solemn commitment to lead a more virtuous and compassionate life.
During Samvatsari, Jains ask for forgiveness by uttering the phrase "Micchami Dukkadam," which means "If I have caused you offense in any way, knowingly or unknowingly, in thought, word, or deed, I seek your forgiveness." This gesture reflects the deep-rooted Jain principle of non-violence and compassion.
Paryushana Parva is a time of profound spiritual reflection, self-purification, and seeking forgiveness within the Jain community. It serves as a reminder of the importance of forgiveness, non-violence, and virtuous living in Jainism. The festival's rituals and practices provide a path to inner transformation and spiritual growth. As Jains come together to celebrate Paryushana, they reaffirm their commitment to the principles of compassion, truth, and self-discipline that lie at the heart of their faith.
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