Understanding Stroke Risks: How Region and Genetics Play a Role: Recent research from the Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology (RGCB) sheds light on the varied causes of stroke, emphasizing the significant roles of genetic factors and regional disease conditions. This groundbreaking study, led by Moinak Banerjee from the Department of Neurobiology at RGCB, highlights how stroke risks differ across various population groups and regions.

Regional Differences in Stroke Causes

The study found that internal chemical changes in humans are a significant risk factor for strokes in the United States and Europe. Conversely, in Asian and African regions, alterations in blood vessels are the primary drivers of stroke. These findings underscore the importance of understanding regional variations in stroke risks and outcomes.

Published in eLife

The detailed findings of this extensive research have been published in the esteemed biomedical journal eLife. The study analyzed data collected between 2009 and 2019, making it one of the largest studies of its kind, encompassing data from 204 countries.

Conditions Studied

Researchers examined eleven different conditions related to paralysis, including various types of strokes such as ischemic stroke (IS) and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). The study also explored comorbidities like ischemic heart disease (IHD), type 1 and type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, high blood pressure, high body mass index (BMI), and high levels of LDL cholesterol.

Global Impact of Stroke

Stroke remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, affecting over 101 million people and causing more than 6.55 million deaths in 2019 alone. Prof. Chandrabhas Narayana, Director of RGCB, emphasized the study's significance in improving stroke prevention and treatment strategies.

Importance of Regional and Genetic Understanding

The study points out that while socio-economic factors are often considered in stroke research, biomedical investigations reveal additional causes. Effective stroke prevention requires identifying and managing related medical conditions. Understanding regional and genetic differences is crucial for health policymakers to address areas of concern and improve public health outcomes.

By recognizing the diverse factors contributing to stroke, this research opens new pathways for tailored prevention and treatment strategies, potentially saving millions of lives globally.

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