NEW DELHI: India and Pakistan have once again exchanged their lists of nuclear installations under a long-standing bilateral agreement that prevents both countries from attacking each other's atomic facilities. This exchange, which took place on January 1, 2025, is part of an ongoing practice that has continued for over three decades.

The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) confirmed that the lists were shared simultaneously through diplomatic channels in New Delhi and Islamabad. The exchange is conducted annually under the provisions of the agreement signed by the two countries in December 1988 and implemented in January 1991.

History and Purpose of the Agreement

The primary goal of the agreement is to ensure the safety and security of nuclear installations, reducing the risk of a nuclear conflict between India and Pakistan. This marks the 34th time the lists have been exchanged, a practice that began in January 1992. The commitment to this agreement has remained steadfast, even amid tensions between the two nations.

Ongoing Tensions, Yet Continued Cooperation

Despite years of strained relations over issues such as the Kashmir dispute and cross-border terrorism, the continued exchange of nuclear lists highlights the importance both countries place on maintaining security in their nuclear arsenals. The regularity of these exchanges serves as a reminder of the shared commitment to prevent nuclear escalation.
Exchange of Civilian Prisoners and Fishermen Lists

In addition to the nuclear installations list, both India and Pakistan also exchanged lists of civilian prisoners and fishermen held in each other's custody. This exchange, done under the 2008 Consular Access Agreement, takes place twice a year, on January 1 and July 1.

India Calls for the Release of Prisoners and Fishermen

India's Ministry of External Affairs urged Pakistan to release the prisoners and fishermen as soon as possible, especially those who have completed their sentences. India also called for the immediate consular access to 18 Indian nationals in Pakistani jails who have yet to receive it. Furthermore, India requested Pakistan to ensure the safety and well-being of all Indian prisoners and fishermen until their return to India.

A Continuing Diplomatic Effort

The exchange of nuclear and civilian lists occurs against the backdrop of persistent tensions, including the Kashmir issue and cross-border terrorism. Despite these challenges, both nations continue to adhere to these agreements, reflecting a level of diplomatic commitment to avoid further escalation.

This latest exchange reaffirms the ongoing diplomatic engagement between India and Pakistan, underscoring the importance of dialogue in maintaining regional stability.