The 21-day lockdown imposed by PM Modi ends today. Odisha, Punjab, Maharashtra, Telangana, West Bengal and Karnataka have extended the lockdown till April 30 due to the coronavirus epidemic. According to media reports, the central government is also considering extending the 21-day nationwide lockdown to two weeks. If states can declare lockdowns in states at their level, then the question arises as to what is the difference between the central and state lockdown and which lockdown is necessary. What will happen if there is a conflict between the Center and the State Government?

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According to the constitution, subjects like law and order as well as public health are taken care of by the state government, which means that the state can take steps related to both. Additionally, many states have ordered lockdowns under the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897, which empowers them to introduce temporary regulations to prevent the outbreak and spread of the disease.

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In addition, the Central Government on 24 March had cited lack of uniformity in the lockdown enforced by the states to order a nationwide lockdown. The lockdown was ordered through the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister under Section 6 (2) (I) of the Disaster Management Act, 2005. The Union Home Ministry issued a 21-day lockdown order under Section 10 (2) (l) of the Act in compliance with the NDMA order. It is likely that the same procedure will be adopted for the extension of lockdown.

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