Addison’s disease occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of a hormone called cortisol, or less often, a related hormone called aldosterone. Addison’s disease is a rare condition. It can happen to either men or women at any age.
Causes of Addison’s disease
There are two types of Addison’s disease. One is if the problem is with the adrenal glands themselves its called primary adrenal insufficiency and if the adrenal glands are affected by a problem from somewhere else it’s called secondary adrenal insufficiency. Other causes are long- lasting infections such as tuberculosis, HIV and fungal infections and cancer cells that spread from other parts of the body to the adrenal glands can also cause Addison’s disease.
Symptoms of Addison’s disease
Symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, weight loss, inability to digest food, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, depression, loss of appetite and cravings of salt. Since the disease progresses slowly and may not be recognizable, it can be left untreated and become an Addisonian crisis. You can experience further symptoms like loss of consciousness, high fever, and low blood pressure.
Treatment of Addison’s disease
Since Addison's disease is caused by a lack of normal hormones produced by the adrenal glands, it can be treated by replacing those hormones. This can be done with once or twice daily tablets of hydrocortisone, a steroid hormone. Treatment is almost always successful. Follow the proper complete medications given by your doctor. Even missing one dose can be dangerous. For patients having addisonian crisis doctor prescribed injections of salt, fluids, and glucocorticoid hormones may be given immediately.
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