Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan was the first CM of Maharashtra and the fifth Deputy Prime Minister of India after the partition of the state of Mumbai. He was a strong Congress leader, freedom fighter, cooperative leader, social worker and writer. He was known as the leader of the general public. In his speeches and articles, he strongly advocated socialist democracy and played an important role in establishing cooperative societies for the betterment of farmers in Maharashtra.

Yashwantrao Chavan was an active partner in the Indian freedom struggle. In 1930, he was fined for participating in the Non-Cooperation Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi. On January 26, 1932, he was sentenced to 18 months in prison for hoisting the Indian flag in Satara. He was also among the representatives of the historic Mumbai Session of the AICC of 1942, where the slogan of Quit India was raised and he was arrested as a result of this partnership. Yashwantrao was finally released from jail in 1944.

Yashwantrao Chavan was elected from the Karad constituency in 1957. This time he was elected as the leader of the Congress Legislative Party and became the CM of the bilingual Bombay state. From 1957 to 1960, he was elected as a member of the All India Congress Working Committee. Through his support for the United Maharashtra Movement, he was one of the creators of the State of Maharashtra. Yashwantrao Chauhan became the first CM of Maharashtra on May 1, 1960. Yashwantrao Chauhan died of a heart attack in Delhi on November 25, 1984.

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