When Guru Sahib arrived in Delhi, Mirza Raja Jai Singh and the local Sikh community welcomed him with tremendous enthusiasm and respect. Raja Jai Singh's palace served as the residence of Guru Sahib. The palace was crowded with people from all walks of life seeking a glimpse (Darshan) of Guru Harkrishan Sahib. According to certain histories, Prince Muzzam also paid a visit.

In Delhi, Guru Harkrishan put up in Raja Jai Singh's bungalow which is now the site of Gurdwara Bangla Sahib. The house was a spacious one "designed to suit all the seasons of the year." The Sikhs of Delhi started coming in groups to see the Guru. They came chanting the holy songs and brought offerings with them.

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 The Mahima Prakash claims that the monarch had a trial scheduled. He set out for the Guru two sizable trays. One of these had decorations, clothing, and toys on show. The other included a hood and garment fit for a holy man. Guru Harkrishan received both of them. He turned away from the tray holding the clothing and accessories and took the tray with the cloak. The imperial ruler was sure of his holiness. He had the idea that by inviting him back, he would witness a miracle. Guru Harkrishan deduced the emperor's intention. He promised himself he wouldn't look at his face ever again. He held that no one should strive to disobey God's rule by pulling a mirage. Guru Harkrishan was familiar with his father had punished Ram Rai, his elder brother, for showing feats in Aurangzeb's court.

Delhi was being decimated at the time by a major cholera and smallpox outbreak. Without regard to the patients' caste or creed, the young Guru started to care for them. Particularly, the Muslim residents of the area were so moved by the Guru Sahib's purely humanitarian activities that they gave him the appellation Bala Pir (little prophet). Even Aurangzeb refrained from attempting to disrupt Guru Harkrishan Sahib after recognizing the tone of the occasion, but he never denied Ram Rai's assertion.

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While attending to the epidemic's suffering victims day and night, Guru Sahib fell ill with a high fever. Guru Harkrishan developed a fever all of a sudden. He spent several days in bed due to a smallpox attack that started as a result of the fever. The illness wreaked havoc on the Guru's delicate physique. The mother of the Guru, Mata Sulakkhani, expressed sadness at this development and said:

Son, why are you lying in bed unwell right now when you are the dispeller of the world's sorrows and afflictions, the occupant of Guru Nanak's gaddi? "He who has taken this mortal frame must experience sickness and disease," Guru Harkrishan retorted. Life includes both delight and sadness. What is predestined must take place. That's what Guru Nanak instructed. Everything He does is under His command. One must adhere to His instructions when walking.

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Guru Harkrishan ordered his transfer from Mirza Raja Jai Singh's residence to a camp set up beside the Jamuna. The Sikhs questioned why the Guru endured such suffering. Why was the sun itself surrounded by this darkness? They were in despair and questioned who would succeed him in holding the gaddi. According to the Sri Gur Pratap Suraj Granth, Guru Harkrishan gave them the following instructions:

The Gurgaddi, Guru Nanak's throne, is eternal. It is everlasting and will command increasing honor. The Granth is the Lord of all. He who wants to see me, let him with faith and love see the Granth. So will he shed all his sins? He who would wish to speak with the Guru, let him read the Granth with devotion. He who practices its teachings will obtain all the four parathas, (the 4 most cherished objects) of human life. He who has faith gains all. He who is without faith acquires but little. None in this world liveth forever. The body is mortal. In the Granth abides the Guru's spirit. Daily bow your head to it. So will you conquer your passions and attain liberation."

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The Sikhs' eyes were filled with tears as they heard what appeared to be the Guru's final words. Mother Sulakkhani then stood up. She said, "How shall I live without thee, son? with tears in her eyes. I was fortunate to marry the late Guru and into this family. I count it a blessing that you were born. I've been thrown into an endless sea of grief right now. Who would come to my aid? How does a fish survive without water? Guru Harkrishan declared, "The body is perishable." "You will enter worlds without sorrow as you develop faith in God's Will. Your peace will last forever.

The Princely Haveli of Raja Jai Singh, where Guru Harkrishan Ji had lived when in Delhi, was the inspiration for today's Gurdwara Bangla Sahib, which was built around it by Sardar Baghel Singh, the Sikh General who overcame Delhi and took possession.

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