According to a recent brief jointly developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and Newcastle University, quitting smoking can potentially reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes by up to 30-40%. The World Health Organization states that Type 2 diabetes is one of the oldest and most prevalent diseases globally, emphasizing that it can be prevented.
In a statement, the World Health Organization highlighted that evidence suggests smoking adversely affects the body's ability to control blood sugar levels, potentially leading to Type 2 diabetes. The United Nations health agency also mentioned that Type 2 diabetes is a major global health concern, with risk factors including obesity, lack of physical activity, and genetic predisposition. The IDF estimates that 53.7 million people worldwide have diabetes, and this number is steadily increasing, making diabetes the ninth leading cause of global mortality. The WHO warns that smoking not only elevates the risk of diabetes but also increases the likelihood of heart disease, kidney failure, and blindness associated with diabetes.
President of the International Diabetes Federation, Akhtar Hussein, urged people to quit smoking to reduce the risk of diabetes. He emphasized that even for those already diagnosed with diabetes, giving up smoking can prevent the condition from becoming more severe. Hussein called on governments to implement policies encouraging smoking cessation and to impose restrictions on smoking in public places.
Furthermore, the brief suggested various ways to reduce the risk of diabetes:
Maintain a Healthy Weight:
Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for reducing the risk of Type 2 diabetes. Individuals with excess body weight, especially around the abdominal area, are more prone to insulin resistance, a key factor in the development of diabetes. A healthy weight can be achieved through a combination of balanced nutrition and regular physical activity.
One effective approach is to adopt a well-rounded, nutrient-dense diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Portion control is essential to manage calorie intake and prevent overeating. Consulting with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian can provide personalized guidance on creating a sustainable and health-promoting eating plan.
In addition to dietary considerations, engaging in regular physical activity is vital for weight management and overall health. Exercise helps improve insulin sensitivity, regulate blood sugar levels, and contribute to weight loss or maintenance. A mix of aerobic exercises (such as brisk walking, jogging, or cycling) and strength training can be beneficial.
Stay Physically Active:
Physical activity plays a pivotal role in reducing the risk of Type 2 diabetes. Regular exercise not only helps maintain a healthy weight but also improves insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week, along with muscle-strengthening activities on two or more days per week.
Incorporate activities you enjoy, such as walking, swimming, dancing, or cycling, into your routine to make exercise a sustainable habit. Additionally, consider integrating physical activity into your daily life, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or walking short distances instead of using transportation.
Consistency is key, so find activities that align with your preferences and lifestyle. It's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting a new exercise regimen, especially for individuals with existing health conditions.
Include Plant-Based Foods in the Diet:
Adopting a plant-based diet can contribute significantly to diabetes risk reduction. Plant-based foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds, offer a wealth of nutrients and fiber while being naturally low in saturated fats. Fiber, in particular, helps regulate blood sugar levels, improve insulin sensitivity, and support weight management.
Focus on incorporating a diverse range of colorful fruits and vegetables into your meals, as they provide essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Whole grains like quinoa, brown rice, and oats can replace refined grains, promoting stable blood sugar levels.
Limit the intake of processed foods, sugary beverages, and foods high in saturated and trans fats. Opt for healthier cooking methods like baking, steaming, or grilling instead of frying. Experiment with herbs and spices to enhance flavor without excessive salt or added sugars. By emphasizing plant-based choices and minimizing processed and unhealthy options, individuals can create a nutrient-rich and diabetes-friendly eating pattern.
In conclusion, the international collaboration between WHO, IDF, and Newcastle University emphasizes the significant impact of smoking on diabetes risk. Encouraging individuals to quit smoking and adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, are crucial steps in preventing and managing Type 2 diabetes.
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