Every year on the 21st of October, India commemorates Police Commemoration Day, a solemn occasion when the nation pays tribute to the brave police personnel who sacrificed their lives while defending the nation's borders with China in 1959. This day is observed as Martyrs' Day in all police forces across India, a day of remembrance and gratitude for the sacrifices made by these valiant officers.

The Historical Prelude: The history of Police Commemoration Day dates back to a fateful event on October 20, 1959. On that day, three reconnaissance parties were dispatched from Hot Springs in North Eastern Ladakh as part of preparations for an Indian expedition headed to Lanak La. While members of two parties safely returned to Hot Springs that afternoon, the third party, consisting of two Police Constables and a Porter, did not return, sparking immediate concern.

In response to the missing personnel, all available resources were mobilized the following morning to launch a search and rescue mission. This heroic effort was led by Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP) Shri Karam Singh. As the search team scoured the rugged terrain for their missing comrades, they stumbled upon a group of Chinese Army personnel positioned atop a hillock.

Without warning, the Chinese forces opened fire and hurled grenades at the Indian search party led by Shri Karam Singh. Tragically, due to the exposed nature of their position, most of the Indian personnel sustained injuries. Ten of these valiant police personnel made the ultimate sacrifice for their nation and became martyrs, while seven others were injured and subsequently taken captive by the Chinese forces.

The bodies of the ten fallen heroes were only returned by the Chinese authorities on November 13, 1959, a heart-wrenching three weeks after the incident. Their remains were cremated with full police honors at Hot Springs, a poignant moment that marked the beginning of an enduring tradition.

The Birth of Police Commemoration Day

In the wake of this tragic event, the Annual Conference of Inspectors General of Police of States and Union Territories convened in January 1960. During this conference, a momentous decision was made: October 21 would be observed annually as "Commemoration Day" or Martyrs' Day. This decision was not only a mark of respect for the fallen heroes but also a commitment to ensure their sacrifices were never forgotten.

Moreover, it was resolved during this conference to erect a memorial at Hot Springs to honor the memory of these courageous individuals. The memorial stands as a symbol of remembrance and gratitude, reminding all who visit of the sacrifices made in the line of duty.

Every year on Police Commemoration Day, police personnel from various parts of the country undertake a solemn trek to Hot Springs to pay their respects to these gallant martyrs. The arduous journey serves as a testament to the enduring spirit of the Indian police force and their unwavering dedication to their duty.

Police Commemoration Day is not merely an annual observance; it is a day that resonates with the spirit of sacrifice and service. It is a day when the nation acknowledges the selflessness of those who stand guard at our borders and the valor with which they fulfill their duties. The memorial at Hot Springs stands as a poignant reminder that the sacrifices of these heroes will forever remain etched in the collective memory of the nation. As the Indian police force continues to safeguard our borders, the memory of those who laid down their lives in 1959 serves as a beacon of inspiration and a profound reminder of the price of freedom.

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