New Delhi: The government has introduced the Merchant Shipping Bill, 2024, in the Lok Sabha, aiming to establish a regulatory body for overseeing vessel and port facility security. The bill, presented by Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, sparked opposition criticism over its legislative validity.

Opposition members raised concerns during its introduction. Manish Tewari argued that merchant shipping does not fall under the Union or concurrent list, questioning the government’s legislative competence. Saugata Roy expressed apprehension that the bill might empower bureaucrats rather than promote the merchant shipping industry.

In response, Sonowal emphasized that the bill adheres to constitutional provisions and has been vetted by the legal affairs and legislative departments of the law ministry.

Coastal Shipping Bill, 2024: Boosting Domestic Maritime Trade

On December 2, 2024, the Coastal Shipping Bill, 2024, was introduced to reform India’s domestic shipping sector. This legislation aims to increase efficiency, boost port traffic, and support local shipping operators by simplifying processes and removing bureaucratic hurdles.

Key reforms include the removal of trading license requirements for Indian-flagged vessels conducting coastal operations. The bill also proposes aligning international trade vessel regulations with global standards, enhancing competitiveness. A National Database of Coastal Shipping will be established to improve transparency and information sharing.

Objectives and Features of the Coastal Shipping Bill
The Coastal Shipping Bill, 2024, seeks to utilize India’s extensive coastline and waterways to enhance trade and connectivity. It will replace the outdated Coasting Vessels Act of 1838 and integrate coastal shipping with inland waterways to create an efficient multimodal transport system.

Key highlights include:

Incentives for Operators: Financial and operational benefits to encourage private sector participation and boost trade volumes.
Support for Indigenous Shipbuilding: Promotion of Indian-built vessels and development of domestic shipbuilding and repair industries.
Tourism and Passenger Services: Expansion of ferry and cruise operations to boost coastal tourism.
Sustainability and Safety: Updated measures to ensure the safety of vessels, ports, and crews, along with incentives for adopting eco-friendly technologies to reduce emissions.

Merchant Shipping Bill, 2024: A Modern Legal Framework

The Merchant Shipping Bill, 2024, seeks to overhaul maritime laws by replacing the Merchant Shipping Act of 1958. It introduces a streamlined structure, consolidating provisions, and removing redundant procedures. These changes align Indian maritime regulations with global standards while addressing contemporary challenges in the industry.