As the monsoon season sets in, news of heavy rainfall, lightning, and cloud bursting has become increasingly common. But have you ever wondered why clouds burst, leading to flash floods and landslides? The phenomenon of cloud bursting is quite common in hilly areas, especially during the monsoon season. While it may seem like a sudden and inexplicable event, there are scientific reasons behind it.

According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), cloud bursting occurs when there is a sudden and intense rainfall of over 100 mm in just one hour. This is equivalent to a water balloon bursting, releasing all the water at once. This phenomenon is also known as cloudburst or flash flood.

Experts explain that when highly humid clouds gather at a single location, the water droplets in the cloud merge, increasing its density. This leads to a sudden and intense rainfall. Most cloud bursting incidents occur in mountainous regions, where the clouds get trapped between the hills and are unable to move forward. As a result, the water-laden clouds transform into rainfall, leading to flash floods.

The density of clouds is much higher than usual, causing heavy rainfall. The situation becomes even more critical when the water level in rivers and streams rises suddenly, leading to flooding. The terrain of the hilly regions, with steep slopes, makes it difficult for the water to stop, and it flows rapidly downhill, carrying with it soil, rocks, trees, and even animals and humans.

Cloud bursting incidents are common in states like Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, where the monsoon season brings heavy rainfall. While it may seem like a natural disaster, understanding the science behind it can help us prepare better for such events.

In conclusion, cloud bursting is a complex phenomenon that occurs when highly humid clouds gather at a single location, leading to a sudden and intense rainfall. While it may seem like a sudden and inexplicable event, understanding the science behind it can help us prepare better for such events and minimize the damage caused by flash floods and landslides.

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