On the lofty Tibetan plateau on the northern side of the Himalayas, is an autonomous region of China. It's nicknamed the “roof of the world” for its towering peaks. It shares mt. everest with Nepal. Its capital, Lhasa, is the site of the hilltop Potala palace, once the Dalai lama’s winter home, and the Jokhang temple, Tibet’s spiritual heart, is revered for its golden statue of the young Buddha. the remote and mainly-Buddhist territory known as the "roof of the world", is governed as an autonomous region of China.

Tibet is ruled by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) government based in Beijing, with local decision-making power concentrated in the hands of Chinese party officials. The PRC asserts that Tibet has been a part of China since the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Republic of China (ROC) asserted that "Tibet was then definitely placed under the sovereignty of China" when the Qing dynasty 1636–1912 ended the brief Nepalese invasion (1788–1792) of parts of Tibet in 1793. The 14th and current Dalai Lama is Tenzin Gyatso, who lives in exile as a refugee in India. The Dalai Lama is also considered to be the successor in a line of tulkus who are believed to be incarnations of Avalokiteśvara, the Bodhisattva of Compassion. In 1951, Tibetan representatives in Beijing signed the Seventeen-point Agreement under duress, which affirmed China's sovereignty over Tibet while it simultaneously providing for an autonomous administration led by Tibet's spiritual leader, and then-political leader, the 14th Dalai Lama.

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In India, Tibetic people are found in the regions of Ladakh, Kinnaur district in Himachal Pradesh, Spiti Valley, Uttarakhand, Sikkim Bhutia, Arunachal Pradesh, Khamba, Lhoba, and Monpa people. There are also nearly 100,000 Tibetans living in exile in India since 1959. Tibet’s three largest lakes are centrally located, northwest of Lhasa: Lakes Dangre Yong Nam, and Siling. South of Lhasa lie two other large lakes, Yamzho Yun. In western Tibet two adjoining lakes are located near the Nepal border—Lake Mapam, sacred to both Buddhists and Hindus, and Lake La’nga. Temperatures in the higher elevations are cold, but the lower valleys and the southeast are mild and pleasant. Seasonal variation is minimal, and the greatest temperature differences occur diurnally, during 24 hours. 

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Tibet has more than 100 species of mammals, 40 species of reptiles, and 50 species of amphibians. Mammal life in the forest regions includes tigers, leopards, bears, wild boars, wild goats, stone martens, and wild buffaloes. Tibet is a land of high mountains and huge lakes, all of which have some religious or holy significance in Tibetan religion and culture. Of the lake, the most sacred are the Great Three Holy Lakes of Tibet: Lake Manasarovar, Lake Yamdrok, and Lake Namtso. As an independent head of state, he built the bulk of the famous Potala Palace, established diplomatic relations with China, and also met with early European explorers. He was the first Dalai Lama to become the spiritual and political leader of Tibet and the greatest of all the Dalai Lamas.

Indians regularly visited Tibet during the Era of Fragmentation, seeking Tibet's abundance in gold under the guise of religious pilgrimages. In the 13th century, the Delhi Sultanate of Hindustan launched a disastrous invasion of Tibet. The Mughal Empire of Hindustan later relinquished its influence over Ladakh to Tibet. In Tibet. Mahayana Buddhism, and all schools of Tibetan Buddhism, rely on Mahakala as the guardian deity. He is depicted in several variations, each with distinctly different qualities and aspects.

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